This project already won many school science projects. Explain how this motor can be operated as either a synchronous motor or a plain induction motor. Beakmans motor is a dcell, a magnet, and a small coil supported on two paperclips. The armature rotates, so it is called the rotor the armature contains an electromagnet. Beakman s motor shown on the tv show beakman s world makes a very interesting little project. This course consists of 11 interactive, online lessons that address ac and dc motor theory. Try to adjust the phase angle of the motor so that it will operate in a vertical position. Leave about 14 of insulation on the end and where the wire meets to coil. Text headings in each module are linked to and f\ rom the table of contents for that module. It originally claimed that speech perception is done through a specialized module that is innate and humanspecific. In this physics worksheet, students solve 12 problems on dc motor circuit. On one tail, use fine sandpaper to completely remove the insulation from the wire.
The specific type of motor we are addressing is the permanent magnet brushed dc motor pmdc. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. This portable document format \pdf\ file contains bookmarks, thumbnails, and hyperlinks to help you navigate through the document. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. The stator includes the housing, permanent magnets. Induced voltage opposes applied voltage and limits current.
To understand how these motors operate, a knowledge of the basic theory of operation of ac motors is necessary. The principle of an ac motor is that electric current is applied to electromagnets, creating a rotating magnetic field to convert electrical energy to rotation mechanical energy. Motor current is inversely proportional to speed, due to the counteremf produced by the armature as it rotates. I was fascinated how this motor works perfectly with only one battery, two clips and a copper coil. One alkaline battery one rubber band two paper clips one ceramic magnet magnet wire 22 or 24 gauge fine sandpaper instructions. Beakmans motor originally shown on the tv show beakmans world makes a very interesting little project. School science project on the beakman electric motor. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. Instrumented beakman s motor work in teams of 4 for the projects. Ac motor theory summary a magnetic field is produced in an ac motor through the action of the threephase voltage that is applied. Induction motor theory advanced linkedin slideshare. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Applying a voltage across the terminals results in a proportional speed of the output shaft in steady state. An electric motor converts electrical energy into physical movement.
Question 1 electromechanical watthour meters use an aluminum disk that is spun by an electric motor. Feb 02, 2012 ac motor theory over view history ac motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy induction motor components the magnetic field speed slip slip contro slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Basic induction ac motor operationan ac motor has two basic electrical parts. The induction motor and other alternating current motors, their theory and principles of design.
W e ow e a special debt to h arriet m agen for invaluable help w ith the. One of the important applications of electromagnetism is the electric motor. First, a look at an incredibly simpli ed motor, a square loop in a magnetic eld, as shown in figure 1. In the beakman motor, that black square you see is a magnet. The motor utilizing similar design appeared on the beakmans world tv show and. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. Ac motor theory over view history ac motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy induction motor components the magnetic field speed slip slip contro slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
This writeup was for a friend of mine who wanted instructions that his son could follow for a science fair project. Two dc motor kits have been put into use prior to my arrival, the bipolar motor and the shopday motor. If paint is used, then the coil will reliably spin in just one direction. This polyphase motor operates with a lag rather than at the synchronous speed. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. I saw this on the tv show beakmans world and i was very impressed that you could actually build a working electric motor with so few parts. Choose from 500 different sets of motor theory flashcards on quizlet. Motor speci cations usually involve several quantities. On the one hand, it has few proponents within the field of speech perception, and many authors cite it primarily to offer critical commentary. They make predictions and construct the corresponding circuit. To generate a constant drag on the disk necessary to limit its rotational speed, a strong magnet is placed in such a way that its lines of magnetic flux pass perpendicularly through the. When the switch is closed, the current starts to flow and the coil becomes an electromagnet. In going over the various types of simple educational motors advantages and disadvantages of each type will be discussed. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often.
An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. In that case the layer of paint will act as the switch. Starting about 3 inches from the end of the wire, wrap it 1035 times around the battery. Ac motors ac motor theory ac motor theory ac motors are widely used to drive machinery for a wide variety of applications. Singlephase induction motor threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. Dc motor theory everything you need to know about a motors characteristics kt, kv, ke, efficiency, power, graph, etc can be derived from these scalar values be sure to download the 6. Question 1 if the ends of a wire loop are attached to two halfcircular metal strips, arranged so that the two strips almost form a complete circle, and those strips are contacted by two brushes which connect to opposite poles of a battery, which way will the wire loop rotate. I built one and brought it to work where it was a big hit with all the engineers around here. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. Ac motor theory ac motors summary the important information covered in this chapter is summarized below. Another name for a coil or loop of wire inductors oppose the change in current. From one instant to the next, the magnetic fields combine to produce a magnetic field whose position. The theory used in the work was collected by studying literature on how electrical motors work, and by simplifying the explanations to suit the intended reader.
Here, you are asked to make the motor go as fast as possible. Basic motor parameters the safe continuous operating area scoa the motor can safely be operated continuously anywhere in this region the safe intermittent operating area sioa the motor may be operated in this region for short periods of time typically beakman simple electric motor electric motors are everywhere. Alternating current motors or ac motors are built on the principle that nikola tesla discovered in the late 19th century. The permanent magnets are stationary, so they are called the stator. Theory of linear induction motors yamamura, sakae on. Figure 1 beakman s motor note the basic components a dcell battery, a rubber band, two paper clips, a ceramic permanent magnet and a coil of wire. School science project on the beakman electric motor flying. Have you ever touched a doorknob, and received a shock. The stator is in thestationary electrical component.
The most common ac motor is the highly versatile threephase induction motor. Its operation is based on the principle that when a current carrying conductor is placed in a. Mar 04, 2015 school science project on the beakman electric motor by admin on march 4, 2015 add comment a school project led to student stuart producing this nice piece on the beakman electric motor click below to see details. Figure 1 beakmans motor note the basic components a dcell battery, a rubber band, two paper clips, a ceramic permanent magnet and a coil of wire. Dc motor principle a machine that converts dc power into mechanical energy is known as dc motor. Describe how a squirrel cage motor is built, and classify it as either an induction motor or a synchronous motor.
The coil has to be closer to one pole of the magnet i dont see how it would work if it is right in the middle equidistant from the magnets poles. Basic motor theory introduction it has been said that if the ancient romans, with their advanced civilization and knowledge of the sciences, had been able to develop a steam motor, the course of history would have been much different. Induction motor quiz questions electrician exams practice tests. May 22, 2003 on one tail, use fine sandpaper to completely remove the insulation from the wire. The magnetic field then causes a force with a magnet that causes movement or spinning that runs the motor. Ac motor theory entails the use of electromagnets with currents to create force, and therefore motion. One or two members should start on the report on the very first day, keeping track of what is required for the report. A school project led to student stuart producing this nice piece on the beakman electric motor click below to see details. Brushed dc motor theory northwestern mechatronics wiki. Motor property 1 torque is proportional to current question. The text that was researched and compiled contains explanations of the motor parts, theory about electromagnetism and how current is used to make an electrical motor rotate. The motor theory of speech perception is the hypothesis that people perceive spoken words by identifying the vocal tract gestures with which they are pronounced rather than by identifying the sound patterns that speech generates. In your house, almost every mechanical movement that you see around you is caused by an ac or dc electric motor.
This lesson introduces the learner to dc motors and their basic components. Read ahead and divide the work among the team members. An electrician repairs an electric motor onboard an aircraft carrier. By understanding how a motor works you can learn a lot about magnets, electromagnets and electricity in general. The two new projects being developed are the dc motor kit, and the linear synchronous motor. The induction motor and other alternating current motors. Photo by jason jacobowitz courtesy of us navy the link between electricity, magnetism, and movement was originally discovered in 1820 by french physicist. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives.
Electric motors generate magnetic fields with electric current through a coil. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa. The concept of the rotating magnetic field is central to ac motor theory, so it is imperative that students grasp this concept before moving on to more advanced concepts. Identify the general characteristics and advantages of a dc motor. I saw this on the tv show beakman s world and i was very impressed that you could actually build a working electric motor with so few parts. A homopolar motor is a direct current electric motor with two magnetic poles, the conductors of.
The article how electric motors work explains how brushed motors work. Beakmans motor shown on the tv show beakmans world makes a very interesting little project. Dc motors although ac motors are used in most of the cases, dc motors have many applications and used for multipurpose applications. The development of the electric motor in modern times has indicated the truth in this theory. B ut the t he w riting of this paper w as supported by a grant to h askins l aboratories n ih n ic h d h d 01994. Simple electric motors assembly instructions for conventional motor. Learn motor theory with free interactive flashcards. Another way to describe the operation of the motor is to say that the permanent magnets exert forces on the electrical currents flowing through the loop of wire.
When you run electricity into this electromagnet, it creates a. Beakmans motor can be improved by painting one side of one of the wires with insulating paint. Instrumented beakmans motor work in teams of 4 for the projects. The modules listed in the overview are linked to the corresponding pages. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. Its operation was demonstrated by michael faraday in 1821 at the royal institution in.
Printerfriendly assembly instructions in pdf format. An easytounderstand explanation of how motors use electricity and magnetism to drive machines. In a typical dc motor, there are permanent magnets on the outside and a spinning armature on the inside. The shiny metal hes using may look like gold, but its actually copper, a good conductor that is much less expensive. Beakman simple electric motor electric motors are everywhere. Beakmans motor note the basic components a dcell battery, a rubber band, two paper clips, a ceramic permanent magnet and a coil of wire. Chapter 8 electricity to electronics ballston spa high. This is the sixth lesson in the acdc motor theory course. Apr 10, 2005 it works on an inefficient dc motor principle. If you happen to have a string of blinking christmas lights to use as a prop in illustrating a rotating magnetic field, this would be a good thing to show your students. Follow the simple directions to build an electric motor, then investigate how a few simple changes to the magnets in the motor can greatly effect the motors.